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Doha hosts Monday the 17th extraordinary Arab-Islamic summit since 1956, after Israel targeted residential sites housing Hamas leaders in the Qatari capital last Tuesday.

According to the supplementary annex to the Arab League Charter on summit meetings, the Council may hold extraordinary sessions when necessary, or if developments threaten Arab national security, upon request by a member state or the Secretary-General and with approval of two-thirds of members. Such sessions may be convened outside the League’s headquarters with member approval, and the summit is chaired by the host country.

The Arab League has previously convened several extraordinary summits in response to major crises, particularly regarding Palestine and Israeli occupation practices.

The upcoming Doha summit comes at a critical moment, as Israeli aggression expands beyond Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territories to Lebanon, Yemen, Syria, and Qatar—an escalation seen as a